Methods of shaping ionomeric materials such as Nafion: (a1) heat

Comparison of DEAs (left) vs. PVC gel actuators (right). On top is a

Methods of shaping ionomeric materials such as Nafion: (a1) heat and

Applications of splay bend LCN bending actuators: (a) illustration of

Freeform fabrication of ionomeric polymer-metal composite actuators

Block diagram of the steering controller with contouring error.

Micromachining methods of patterning conjugated polymers and

Block diagram of the steering controller with contouring error.

PDF) A comprehensive review of select smart polymeric and gel actuators for soft mechatronics and robotics applications: fundamentals, freeform fabrication, and motion control

Fabrication of a liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) by a platinum catalyzed

Freeform fabrication of ionomeric polymer-metal composite actuators

Illustration of a tri-layer conjugated polymer actuator demonstrating

3D-printed ionic polymer-metal composite soft crawling robot